Air transportation

What is air transport?

Transporting people or cargo through air borders from one country to another is called air transportation. Air freight is actually one of the international transportation methods that is used to transfer cargo for the export of goods and the import goods. The fast-moving nature of air freight makes it a valuable option for transporting time-sensitive cargo. Therefore, if you intend to transfer valuable goods to other countries, air transportation can be one of the safe and fast ways to transport them.
In the future, stay with Qoqnous Trading Company to examine the types of air transportation, compare them and the related steps.

History of air freight

Air transportation was used for the first time in 1911 to transport mail.
The beginning of the air transportation industry in Iran dates back to 1304. In 1332, the first airline company with the purpose of domestic and foreign air transport was registered in Iran.
Aseman airline company since 1359, Iran Airtour, Payam, Caspian, Kish Air, Saha and Safiran companies since 1371 and Mahan Air company since 1372 started their activities in the field of air transportation, passenger and goods movement.
According to the statistics, the country’s air transport industry ranks 11th among the countries of the region.

مدت زمان و هزینه حمل و نقل هوایی

All types of goods in air transport

  • Ordinary goods

Goods that do not need to be stored in special conditions are classified as normal goods: such as: books and periodicals, personal items except cosmetics, household items except breakables, plastic products of factories, construction materials, spare parts, tools, handicrafts. , electrical appliances such as televisions, computers, etc. are all considered normal loads.
  • Perishable goods

Goods that are likely to spoil in the absence of special facilities and conditions are included in this category. Such as dairy products, vegetables and meat, all kinds of meat and everything that should be kept in low temperature environments.
  • Bulky and light goods

Sometimes the products have a large volume but a small weight. They use the following formula to calculate volume loads.
6000 / (length*width*height of the load), in other words, the volume of the product based on centimeters divided by the number 6000.
The obtained number is compared with the original weight and the larger number is taken into account to calculate the freight cost.
  • Dangerous goods

Some goods such as explosives, flammable gases, flammable liquids, acids, radioactive materials, etc. are packaged as dangerous goods and cannot be transported by plane.

Types of air transportation

There are different types of air transportation and they are divided into several categories based on the volume of goods, the duration of goods delivery and related costs.
  • Freight (passenger air cargo)
  • Cargo (Commercial Air Cargo)

Air freight 

Freight freight is used when a person intends to migrate or travel to another country and wants to send his necessary items to the destination country. Note that freight is not of a commercial nature and is used to send private shipments. The final cost of the freight includes customs formalities costs plus cargo transportation costs and airport costs.

Advantages of freight:

  • It costs less than other methods.
  • The goods arrive on time.

Disadvantages of freight:

  • Restrictions on carrying some goods
  • Restrictions on the weight and volume of the goods sent

Air freight by cargo method

Merchants and traders who are active in the field of international trade and intend to export their goods and products to other countries through air transport, use the cargo method. Air cargo transportation by cargo method, unlike freight cargo, is commercial in nature.

Cargo benefits:

  • The possibility of exporting and importing goods
  • Ability to carry heavy loads
  • Saving time and money compared to the freight method

Disadvantages of cargo:

  • There are restrictions on carrying some goods.

مزایای حمل و نقل هوایی

All kinds of domestic air freight services

All shipments are carried out through domestic air transportation in 7 ways, which are:
  • DTD: Abbreviation of door to door means receiving the goods from the source door and delivering it to the destination door.
  • ATD: Abbreviation of airport to door means receiving the goods at the airport of origin and delivering it to the door of the destination.
  • ATA: Abbreviation of airport to airport means receiving the goods at the origin airport and delivering it at the destination airport.
  • DDP: This option means doing all the things related to the delivery of the goods, its transportation and clearance.
  • Express air transport: this type of method carries and delivers cargo up to 150 kg within 24 to 48 hours.
  • Regular air freight: This method of air freight is a cost-effective way and it takes 3 days to transport and deliver the cargo to the destination.
  • Economical air transportation: in this method, the volume and weight of the goods have no limits, the cost is lower, and the time of its arrival takes 5-7 days.

Procedures for air cargo transportation

Air cargo transportation, like other transportation methods in the export and import of goods, has its own procedures and procedures, the most important of which are mentioned below.
  • Contact Qoqnous Trading Company to receive free advice
  • Coordination to make an appointment and visit your load and cargo if needed
  • Choosing the best shipping method
  • Doing all the packing according to the standards of the destination country
  • Transportation, unloading and loading at Imam Khomeini Airport
  • Carrying out all customs formalities at the origin and destination
  • Preparation of export declaration
  • Obtaining the necessary permits for air freight abroad including: health certificate, standard and…
  • Issuance of special bill of lading and cargo tag
  • Sending cargo or freight cargo to the destination country
  • Determining the customs value and declaring the goods to the customs
  • Payment of customs and airport formalities, including loading, health certificate, storage, inspection, etc.

The duration of cargo transportation by plane

It is not possible to specify an exact time frame for each type of cargo transportation by air, because the duration of air cargo transportation depends on various parameters such as: type of transportation, distance from origin and destination, type of cargo and other factors. For example, air freight from Dubai to Iran usually takes 3 to 5 days. In general, the duration of foreign air freight takes 3 days to one week.

Air freight shipping cost

The cost of sending foreign air cargo is calculated based on the dimensions and weight of the cargo, the route taken from the origin to the destination, and the urgency of the cargo delivery. It should be noted that the higher the weight of the cargo, the lower the cost of air transportation for each unit.
Among the most important parameters affecting the cost of air transportation are:
  • The type and nature of the goods
  • Weight and volume of goods
  • Package type
  • Air freight method
  • Distance between origin and destination
  • Type of airline
  • Services received from the air cargo company
  • cargo insurance

Air cargo insurance

Shipments sent through airlines are insured up to $20 per kilogram, and if the declared limit is not enough compared to the value of the cargo, a separate insurance should be purchased according to the value of the goods. Pay attention to the fact that payment of damages by insurance companies is subject to full compliance with the necessary standards in product packaging.

روش های حمل و نقل هوایی

General advantages and disadvantages of air transport

Air cargo transportation, like other transportation methods, including ground transportation, rail transportation, and sea transportation, has its own disadvantages and advantages, the most important of which are mentioned below.

Advantages of air cargo shipping

  • Speed:
One of the most important advantages of air shipping is the high speed of transfer and delivery, which is delivered to the destination in 3 to 7 days.
  • Simple process:
The process of exporting, importing and clearing goods from air customs is very simple and is done in a short period of time.
  • Security:
Due to special and standard packaging as well as very few accidents and incidents, air transportation has the highest security compared to all transportation methods.

Disadvantages of air cargo shipping

  • Restrictions on transportation:
Any type of goods cannot be transported by plane. Also, goods with large volumes and dimensions cannot be transported. Only medium and light goods can be transported by air.
  • Cost:
Due to the high costs of maintenance and repair of aircraft, fuel, transportation by plane is much more expensive than other methods. Therefore, use this method only in cases where immediate delivery is a priority.
  • climate:
Weather conditions can greatly affect the quality of the flight, delay in shipping and non-carrying of cargo.
  • Lack of access to the destination:
Due to the fact that not all cities in the country and abroad have access to the airport, in addition to paying the cost of transportation, he must also pay the cost of ground delivery to the desired city.

Comparison of air transport with land transport

Air transportationGround transportation
Delivery timeIt is the fastest shipping method.Ground transportation may take longer due to road conditions, speed limits and customs strictures.
carrying capacityIt has a limited carrying capacity.It has a limited carrying capacity.
In terms of distanceSuitable for long distancesSuitable for short distances
costThe shipping cost is very high.Lower cost than air transport
Door serviceDoes not provide door-to-door service.It offers door-to-door services.
TransportationAirplanes and helicopters are used for transportation.Trucks, trains, etc. are used for transportation.
to be economicalIt is suitable for transporting light, perishable and valuable goods to any part of the world.It is suitable for transporting goods in small quantities and short distances.
Load safetyThe goods have high security due to special packaging.Due to the poor condition of the roads, weather conditions and the possibility of accidents, it has low security.
ownershipIt is owned by the government sector in Iran.It is owned by the private sector.

Comparison of air transport with sea transport

Air transportationMaritime Transportation
distanceSuitable for long distancesSea transportation is suitable for countries with vast oceans and long distances from the origin.
transport costDue to the high cost of maintenance and repair of aircraft as well as the high cost of fuel consumption, it is more expensive than sea transportation.The cost of sea transportation is much cheaper and more affordable than air transportation.
Load safetyDue to the standard packaging, the shipments have high security compared to other transportation methods.If the cargo inside the container is not placed correctly, there is a possibility of damage to the cargo. There are also ships catching fire, sinking, and even pirate attacks.
Shipping timeThe duration of air transportation is very short and about 3 to 7 days.Sea shipping may take a long time, but it is scheduled to arrive.

حمل و نقل هوایی

last word

In this article, we pointed you to the types of air transportation, its advantages and disadvantages, and we said that export and import via air transportation is done in a shorter period of time and is much more secure, but its cost is higher than other methods. The transportation is more. Among the services of Qoqnous Trading Company in the field of air transportation, we can mention air freight from the airport of origin to the airport of destination, performing procedures related to air cargo clearance, performing procedures related to export. Dear businessmen, you can leave your import, export and air cargo clearance to us so that we can do it in the shortest possible time with the lowest cost. You can also contact Qoqnous experts for free advice in the field of air transportation.

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